From a cost-saving angle, plastic/nylon mesh pot scrubbers and BBQ grill-sized lava rock chunks are two that come to mind. Can't attest to their effectiveness though.
If you're asking about commercial media, there's a multitude of ceramic rings, bioballs, etc. for just such a purpose.
Personally, I use leftover pieces of Poret foam, though they probably act as a mechanical filter as much as a bio filter.
The key is surface area for the bacteria to grow and water movement over/through/across the media.
Blaise "Now, even I'm confused!"